Execute a GraphQL query with curl
Using a plain curl to send a query provides the ability to slice-n-dice with the results and apply post-processing if needed. For example, converting results received from GraphQL API into a CSV format.
For more functionality, like auto-completion, schema exploring, etc., you can look at GraphQL clients.
GraphQL API expects JSON with two essentials fields: “query” and “variables”.
A query should be stripped from newline symbols and sent as a single-line string when the variables is an object full of values for all placeholders used in the query:
A payload structure for GraphQL API{ "query": "{viewer { ... }}", "variables": {}
}
It is still possible to use a human-friendly query though. In the example below
you can see how echo piped together with tr to provide a proper payload with
curl:
Example bash script that uses curl to query Analytics APIecho '{ "query": "{ viewer { zones(filter: { zoneTag: $zoneTag }) { firewallEventsAdaptive( filter: $filter limit: 10 orderBy: [datetime_DESC] ) { action clientAsn clientCountryName clientIP clientRequestPath clientRequestQuery datetime source userAgent } } } }", "variables": { "zoneTag": "<zone-tag>", "filter": { "datetime_geq": "2022-07-24T11:00:00Z", "datetime_leq": "2022-07-24T12:00:00Z" } }}' | tr -d '\n' | curl \ -X POST \ -H "Content-Type: application/json" \ -H "X-Auth-Email: CLOUDFLARE_EMAIL" \ -H "X-Auth-key: CLOUDFLARE_API_KEY" \ -s \ -d @- \ https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/graphql/