Identity-based policies
With Cloudflare Zero Trust, you can create Secure Web Gateway policies that filter outbound traffic down to the user identity level. To do that, you can build DNS, HTTP or Network policies using a set of identity-based selectors. These selectors require you to deploy the Zero Trust WARP client in Gateway with WARP mode.
You may also filter outbound traffic based on additional signals from device posture checks.
Gateway identity checks
Gateway checks identity when a user logs in or re-authenticates. To check your users’ identities and require re-authentication at regular intervals, you can enforce a WARP client session duration.
If you add or remove a user from a group in your IdP, Gateway will not detect these changes until the user re-authenticates to your Zero Trust instance. There are two ways a user can re-authenticate:
- Log out from an Access-protected application and log back in.
- In their WARP client settings, select Preferences > Account > Re-Authenticate Session. This will open a browser window and prompt the user to log in.
View a user’s identity
To view the identity that Gateway will use when evaluating policies:
- In Zero Trust, go to My Team > Users. This page lists the users who have authenticated to the WARP client.
- Select a user.
- Under User Registry identity, select the user name.
This page shows the information reported by the IdP when the user registered the WARP client.
Extended email addresses
Extended email addresses (also known as plus addresses) are variants of an existing email address with + or . modifiers. Many email providers, such as Gmail and Outlook, deliver emails intended for an extended address to its original address. For example, providers will deliver emails sent to contact+123@example.com or con.tact@example.com to contact@example.com.
By default, Gateway will either filter only exact matches or all extended variants depending on the type of policy and action used:DNS policies
Action Behavior Allow Match exact address only Block Match exact address and all variants Override Match exact address and all variants Safe Search Match exact address and all variants YouTube Restricted Match exact address and all variants Network policies
Action Behavior Allow Match exact address only Audit SSH Match exact address and all variants Block Match exact address and all variants Network Override Match exact address only HTTP policies
Action Behavior Allow Match exact address only Block Match exact address and all variants Do Not Inspect Match exact address only Do Not Isolate Match exact address only Do Not Scan Match exact address only Isolate Match exact address and all variants Other policies
Policy type Behavior Egress policy Match exact address only Resolver policy Match exact address only
To force Gateway to match all email address variants, go to Settings > Network > Firewall and turn on Match extended email addresses. This setting applies to all firewall, egress, and resolver policies.
Identity-based selectors
SAML Attributes
Specify a value from the SAML Attribute Assertion.
| UI name | API example |
|---|---|
| SAML Attributes | identity.saml_attributes == "\"group=finance\"" |
User Email
Use this selector to create identity-based Gateway rules based on a user’s email.
| UI name | API example value |
|---|---|
| User Email | identity.email == "user-name@company.com" |
User Group IDs
Use this selector to create identity-based Gateway rules based on an IdP group ID of which the user is configured as a member in the IdP.
| UI name | API example |
|---|---|
| User Group IDs | identity.groups.id == "12jf495bhjd7893ml09o" |
User Group Email
Use this selector to create identity-based Gateway rules based on an IdP group email address of which the user is configured as a member in the IdP.
| UI name | API example |
|---|---|
| User Group Email | identity.groups.id == "contractors@company.com" |
User Group Names
Use this selector to create identity-based Gateway rules based on an IdP group name of which the user is configured as a member in the IdP.
| UI name | API example |
|---|---|
| User Group Names | identity.groups.name == "\"finance\"" |
User Name
Use this selector to create identity-based Gateway rules based on an IdP username for a particular user in the IdP.
| UI name | API example |
|---|---|
| User Name | identity.name == "user-name" |
IdP groups in Gateway
Cloudflare Gateway can integrate with your organization’s identity providers (IdPs). Before building a Gateway policy for IdP users or groups, be sure to add the IdP as an authentication method.
Because IdPs expose user groups in different formats, reference the list below to choose the appropriate identity-based selector.
Azure AD
| Selector | Value |
|---|---|
| User Group IDs | 61503835-b6fe-4630-af88-de551dd59a2 |
Value is the Object Id for an Azure group.
If you enabled user and group synchronization with SCIM, the synchronized groups will appear under User Group Names:
| Selector | Value |
|---|---|
| User Group Names | SCIM group |
GitHub
| Selector | Value |
|---|---|
| User Group Names | Marketing |
| Selector | Value |
|---|---|
| User Group Names | Marketing |
Okta (OIDC)
If you added Okta as an OIDC provider, use the User Group Names selector:
| Selector | Value |
|---|---|
| User Group Names | Marketing |
The Okta OIDC integration supports user and group synchronization with SCIM.
Okta (SAML)
If you added Okta as a SAML provider, use the SAML Attributes selector:
| Selector | Attribute name | Attribute value |
|---|---|---|
| SAML Attributes | groups | Marketing |
Generic SAML IdP
For a generic SAML provider, use the SAML Attribute selector:
| Selector | Attribute name | Attribute value |
|---|---|---|
| SAML Attributes | department | Marketing |
Generic OIDC IdP
Custom OIDC claims are not supported in Gateway policies.